WGRG Co-Chairs
- Sunila Nair, Ph.D., Program Officer, Division of Neuroscience and Behavior
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Dr. Sunila Nair Dr. Sunila Nair is a Program officer in the Integrative Neuroscience Branch of the Division of Neuroscience and Behavior at NIDA. Her research and programmatic interests are directed at elucidating the neurobiological mechanisms that underlie craving and relapse to substance use disorders. Her program portfolio broadly encompasses basic and preclinical research projects targeted at understanding molecular, circuitry and behavioral mechanisms and sex differences in relapse to drug seeking behaviors. Dr. Nair received her bachelor’s degree in medicine and surgery (MBBS) from the University of Bombay, India, following which she obtained a PhD in neuropharmacology at the University of Cincinnati. Prior to joining the Integrative Neuroscience Branch in the Division of Neurobiology and Behavior at NIDA, Dr. Nair was Assistant Professor in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at the University of Washington. She directed a research program focused on determining how the functional activity of neurons in the brain, specifically in the limbic, cortical and hypothalamic circuitry is controlled and altered in response to drugs of abuse and non-drug reinforcers. Her research also focused on sex differences in addiction; specifically, on the organizational and activational effects of gonadal hormones, and dimorphism in cell-type specific alterations in neural circuits that drive relapse to drug-seeking behaviors. Dr. Nair’s research program was funded by the NIH, Brain and Behavior Research Institute (NARSAD Young Investigator Award) and the Alcohol and Drug Abuse Research Institute at the University of Washington.
- Keisher Highsmith, Dr.PH., Health Scientist Administrator, Division of Epidemiology, Services and Prevention Research
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Dr. Keisher Highsmith Dr. Keisher Highsmith is a Scientist/Epidemiologist in the U.S. Public Health Service and has been a public health practitioner for approximately 20 years. Dr. Highsmith serves as a Program Official in the Services Research Branch of the NIDA Division of Epidemiology, Services and Prevention Research. In this role, she provides administrative oversight of the HEALing Communities Study which is part of the Helping to End Addiction Long-term (HEAL) NIH-wide initiative and the Rural Opioid Initiative. She oversees a portfolio that focus on implementation science, policy, access/utilization of services to address OUD and the impact on maternal, women and child health. Dr. Highsmith is a member of multiple NIDA and NIH-wide Committees such as the NIDA Research Training Committee and NIH Maternal Mortality Taskforce. Prior to coming to NIH, Dr. Highsmith was a Deputy Director in the HRSA Bureau of Primary Health Care. Dr. Highsmith also served as the Director of Special Initiatives and Program Planning and Evaluation in the Maternal and Child Health Bureau (MCHB). She provided scientific leadership and support for the development and implementation of innovative, multidisciplinary programs in maternal, child and women’s health. Dr. Highsmith established The Maternal Health Initiative (MHI) which is a comprehensive national strategy to improve women’s health and ensure the quality and safety of care. She also conceptualized, launched, and led The Alliance for Innovation on Maternal Health: Improving Maternal Health and Safety which is a national initiative to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality through quality improvement of patient safety in birthing facilities. Dr. Highsmith earned her Doctorate in Public Health from Morgan State University.
What We Do
The mission of the Women and Sex/Gender Differences Research Program is to 1) promote careers of women scientists and 2) promote the conduct, translation and dissemination of research on:
- Sex/gender differences in the pharmacology, neurobiology, behavioral and socioeconomic determinants of substance use disorders (SUD), and responses to substances of abuse.
- Interactions of SUD risk factors, SUD and substances of abuse with changes in female physiology and behavior across the lifespan.
- Prevention and health services that maximizes the efficient delivery of high-quality, personalized addiction treatment and related services to women across the lifespan.
WGRG Objectives [or Priorities]
- Develop NIDA’s Women’s and Sex/Gender Differences Research Agenda that will advance the science on the causes and consequences of drug use and addiction among women across the lifespan and highlight sex/gender differences.
- Cultivate and strengthen partnerships within NIDA, NIH-wide and beyond.
- Provide an opportunity for early career investigators to present their research, career development experience, and share lessons learned and thoughts on what’s needed to advance the science in the field.
Papers of Interest:
- Overdose mortality rates for opioids and stimulant drugs are substantially higher in men than in women: state-level analysis. Eduardo R. Butelman, Yuefeng Huang, David H. Epstein, Yavin Shaham, Rita Z. Goldstein, Nora D. Volkow and Nelly Alia-Klein. Neuropsychopharmacology June 15, 2023.
- Consideration of sex and gender differences in addiction medication response, Sherry A McKee and Aimee McRae-Clark, Biol. Sex Diff. 13 (1):24 (2022)
- Precision medicine requires understanding how both sex and gender influence health, Nina S. Stachenfeld, Carolyn M. Mazure, Cell, Volume 185, Issue 10, 2022,
- Intertwined epidemics: progress, gaps, and opportunities to address intimate partner violence and HIV among key populations of women. Nabila El-Bassel, Trena I Mukherjee, Claudia Stoicescu, Laura E Starbird, Jamila K Stockman, Victoria Frye, Louisa Gilbert. Lancet HIV 2022, Published Online February 10, 2022 https://doi.org/10.1016/ S2352-3018(21)00325-8
- Remifentanil self-administration in mice promotes sex-specific prefrontal cortex dysfunction underlying deficits in cognitive flexibility. Anderson EM, Engelhardt A, Demis S, Porath E and Hearing MC. Neuropsychopharmacology (2021) 0:1–12 - The emergence of a hypoactive, but not hyperactive basal state following remifentanil self-administration aligned with deficits in cognitive flexibility as assessed using an operant-based attentional set-shifting task. In females, the hypoactive basal state is driven by a reduction in excitatory synaptic transmission mediated by AMPA-type glutamate receptors. These data define cellular and synaptic mechanisms by which opioids impair prefrontal function and cognitive control; indicating that interventions aimed at targeting opioid-induced adaptations should be tailored based on biological sex.
- Cocaine self-administration induces sex-dependent protein expression in the nucleus accumbens - Communications Biology, July 16, 2021
- The Proceedings of the National Academies of Medicine workshop on Sex Differences in Brain Disorders, Emerging Transcriptomic Evidence: Proceedings of a Workshop (2021) has been released.
- Considering sex as a biological variable will require a global shift in science culture Shansky RM and Murphy AZ; Nature Neuroscience, March 2021
Science Spotlight 2024
Upcoming/Recent Meetings
Past Meetings
Funding Opportunities & Announcements
Selected Funding Announcements in which NIDA participates.
- NOT-OD-24-079 - Notice of Special Interest: Women’s Health Research
- NOT-OD-24-032- Notice of Special Interest (NOSI): Research on the Health of Women of Understudied, Underrepresented and Underreported (U3) Populations
- NOT-OD-24-038- Notice of Special Interest: Health Influences of Gender as a Social and Structural Variable
- NOT-DA-24-008 - Notice of Special Interest (NOSI): Supporting Recovery-Oriented, Family-Centered Care for Pregnant, Postpartum, and Parenting Women with Opioid Use Disorder.
- NOT-DA-23-007 - Notice of Special Interest (NOSI): Opioid Use Disorder Care Pathways for Individuals with Histories of Exposure to Violence.
- NOT-DA-23-008 - Notice of Special Interest (NOSI) HEAL Initiative: Workforce Interventions to Improve Addiction Care Quality and Patient Outcomes.
- NOT-OD-22-125- IMPROVE Initiative: Implementation Science to Advance Maternal Health and Maternal Health Equity.
- NOT-GM-21-018 - Administrative Supplements for Research on Women’s Health in the IDeA States
- NOT-OD-21-071 - Administrative Supplements and Urgent Competitive Revisions for NIH Grants to Add or Expand Research Focused on Maternal Health, Structural Racism and Discrimination, and COVID-19
- NOT-OD-20-049 Administrative Supplements for Research on Sex/Gender Influences
- NOT-OD-20-048 Research on the Health of Women of Understudied, Underrepresented and Underreported (U3) Populations
- RFA-DA-25-021 - Effect of HIV and Substance Use Comorbidity on the Placenta and Maternal Outcomes (R01 Clinical Trials Optional)
- RFA-OD-19-029 Intersection of Sex and Gender Influences on Health and Disease
- PAR-20-237 Community Interventions to Address the Consequences of the COVID-19 Pandemic among Health Disparity and Vulnerable Populations (R01- Clinical Trial Optional)
For a complete list, use the NIH Guide- NIDA Sex Gender Grants Query
“NIDA is a collaborative partner on the NIH Coordinating Committee for Maternal Morbidity and Mortality (CCM3) which is an NIH-wide committee that coordinates the Implementing a Maternal health and Pregnancy Outcomes Vision for Everyone (IMPROVE) initiative. The IMPROVE initiative advances maternal mortality, maternal morbidity and health disparities research to reduce pregnancy-related deaths and complications in the United States.” See press release on the recently funded Maternal Health Research Centers of Excellence.
Training and Career Development Opportunities
- NIDA Training Opportunities
- NIH Office of Research on Women’s Health (ORWH) Career Development and Education
- Educational Materials on Integrating Sex and Gender into Biomedical Research
Resources of Interest
Related Workgroups
- Coordinating Committee for Maternal Morbidity and Mortality (CCM3)” (contact Keisher Highsmith)
- CCRWH Working group on Understanding Complex Morbidity (contact Holly Moore)
- CCRWH Working group on Reproductive Transitions (contact NIHCCRWH)
- Maternal Mortality Task Force
- CCRWH Covid-19 Working group
Other Web Sites of Interest
- NIH Office of Research on Women’s Health
- NIH Sex and Gender Minority Research Office (SGRMO)
- White House Council on Women and Girls (CWG)
- Sex as a Biological Variable: A Primer | Office of Research on Women's Health (nih.gov)
NIDA WGRG Contacts
- NIDA colleagues interested in joining the NIDA Women and Gender Research Group please contact Sunila Nair (Sunila.nair@nih.gov) or Keisher Highsmith (keisher.highsmith@nih.gov).
- Any questions or suggestions regarding the Women and Gender Research Group or to contribute to this website please contact Rita J. Valentino (valentinorj@nida.nih.gov) or Holly Moore (holly.moore@nih.gov)